CHRIS HEIRWEGH
PUBLICATIONS
15 Years of Research
I’ve been fortunate to have worked on several different research projects in an array of interesting subjects, and I’m happy to say that my hard work paid off, and I have many scientific publications to show for it. Check out my list of published works below and contact me with any questions or for more information about my research.

ELEMENTAL CALIBRATION OF PIXL - THE PLANETARY INSTRUMENT FOR X-RAY LITHOCHEMISTRY
2016 - PRESENT
D. A. Klevang, C. C. Liebe, J. Henneke, J. L. Jørgensen, R. Sharrow, T. Setterfield, L. Wade, M. Sondheim, M. Foote, W. T. Elam, C. M. Heirwegh, J. Hurowitz, A. Allwood, Pre-flight Geometric and Optical Calibration of the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL), Space Sci. Rev. 219, 11. doi:10.1007/s11214-023-00955-1
B. J. Orenstein, D. T. Flannery, L. W. Casey, W. T. Elam, C. M. Heirwegh, M. W. M. Jones, A statistical approach to removing diffraction from X-ray fluorescence spectra. Spectrochimica Acta B, 200, 106603. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2022.106603
Y. Liu, M. M. Tice, M. E. Schmidt, A. H. Treiman, T. V. Kizovski, J. A. Hurowitz, J. Henneke, D. A. K. Pedersen, S. J. VanBommel, M. W. M. Jones, et al., An olivine cumulate outcrop on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars, Science, 377 (2022) 515 – 1519. 2022. doi:10.1126/science.abo2756
S. J. VanBommel, J. A. Berger, E. B. Rampe, C. M. Heirwegh, Chp. 11: In-Situ X-ray Spectrometers in Space Exploration, in Advances in Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Instrumentation, Application and Interpretation. Royal Society of Chemistry (2023). doi:10.1039/9781839162695-00298
C. M. Heirwegh, W. T. Elam, L. P. O’Neil, K. P. Sinclair, A. Das, The Focused Beam X-ray Fluorescence Elemental Quantification Software Package PIQUANT, Spectrochim. Acta B, 196 (2022) 106520. doi:10.1016/j.sab.2022.106520.
W.T. Elam, C.M. Heirwegh, PIQUANT (Version 3.2.11) [Open source computer software] Zenodo. (2022) doi:10.5281/zenodo.6959225
C. M. Heirwegh, M. Petric, S. Fazinić, M. Kavčič, I. Božičević Mihalić, J. Schneider, I. Zamboni, J. L. Campbell, Corrigendum to “Multiple ionization X-ray satellites of Mg, Al and Si in alpha particle PIXE” [Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res., B 428C (2018) 9-16], Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B. 526 (2022) 60 – 61. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2022.06.014
J. L. Campbell, D. J. T. Cureatz, E. L. Flannigan, C. M. Heirwegh, J. A. Maxwell, J. L. Russell, S. M. Taylor, The Guelph PIXE Software Package V. Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B., 499 (2021) 77 – 88. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2021.05.004
A. C. Allwood, L. A. Wade, M. C. Foote, et al., PIXL: Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (vol 216, 134, 2020), Space Sci. Rev. 217 (2021) 28. doi:10.1007/s11214-021-00801-2
A. C. Allwood, L. A. Wade, M. C. Foote, et al., PIXL: Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry, Space Sci. Rev. 216 (2020) 134. doi:10.1007/s11214-020-00767-7
A. C. Allwood, M. T. Rosing, D. T. Flannery, J. A. Hurowitz, C. M. Heirwegh, “Reassessing Evidence of Life in 3,700 million year old rocks of Greenland,” Nature 563 (2018) 241 – 244.
C. M. Heirwegh, W. T. Elam, D. T. Flannery, A. C. Allwood, An empirical derivation of the x-ray optic transmission profile used in calibrating the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL) for Mars 2020, Powder Diffraction Journal 33 (2018) 162 – 165.
C. M. Heirwegh, M. Petric, S. Fazinić, M. Kavčič, I. Božičević Mihalić, J. Schneider, I. Zamboni, J. L. Campbell, Multiple ionization X-ray satellites of Mg, Al and Si in alpha particle PIXE, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B. 428 (2018) 9 – 16. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2018.05.005
S. Menachekanian, D. T. Flannery, C. M. Heirwegh, M. L. Tuite, C. S. Jamieson, R. Hodyss, K. Williford, “Investigating photochemical effects of micro-XRF analysis on common geochemical compounds,” Advances in X-Ray Analysis (2018) 61.
J. L. Campbell, B. Ganly, C. M. Heirwegh, J. A. Maxwell, Separation of detector non-linearity issues and multiple ionization satellites in alpha-particle PIXE, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B. 414 (2018) 38 – 44. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2017.10.001
E. L. Flannigan, C. M. Heirwegh, J. L. Campbell, Role of the mass attenuation coefficient database in standardization of a silicon drift X-ray detector for PIXE analysis, X-Ray Spectrom. 47 (2018) 63 - 71. doi:10.1002/xrs.2812
J. L. Campbell, C. M. Heirwegh, B. Ganly, Non-linearity issues and multiple ionization satellites in the PIXE portion of spectra from the Mars alpha particle X-ray spectrometer, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 383 (2016) 143 – 151. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2016.07.004


STUDIES OF LIGHT ELEMENT X-RAY FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS USING PARTICLE INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION
2009 - 2014
C. M. Heirwegh, J. L. Campbell, G. K. Czamanske, Refinement of major- and minor-element PIXE analysis of rocks and minerals, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B 336 (2016) 40 - 50.
doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2015.10.018
C. M. Heirwegh, I. Pradler, J. L. Campbell, Choice of mass attenuation coefficients for PIXE analysis of silicate minerals and rocks, X-ray Spectrom. 44 (2015) 63 - 68. doi:10.1002/xrs.2583
C. M. Heirwegh, Studies of Light Element X-ray Fundamental Parameters Used in PIXE, Ph.D. dissertation, Advisors: J. L. Campbell, J. O'Meara, Department of Physics, University of Guelph (2014).
C. M. Heirwegh, I. Pradler, J. L. Campbell, An accuracy assessment of photo-ionization cross-section databases for 1-2 keV x-rays in light elements using PIXE, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 46 (2013) 185602. doi:10.1088/0953-4075/46/18/185602
T. L. Hopman, C. M. Heirwegh, J. L. Campbell, M. Krumrey, F. Scholze, An accurate determination of the K-shell fluorescence yield of silicon, X-ray Spectrom. 41 (2012) 164 - 171.
doi:10.1002/xrs.2378

Quantifying and tracking changes to bone strontium in vivo using XRF
2007 - 2008
C. M. Heirwegh, D. R. Chettle, A. Pejović-Milić, Ex vivo evaluation of a coherent normalization procedure to quantify in vivo finger strontium XRS measurements, Med. Phys. 39 (2012) 832 - 841. doi:10.1118/1.3673787
C. M. Heirwegh, D. R. Chettle, A. Pejović-Milić, Evaluation of imaging technologies to correct for photon attenuation in the overlying tissue for in vivo bone strontium measurements, Phys. Med. Biol. 55 (2010) 1083 - 1098. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/55/4/012
C. M. Heirwegh, In Vivo Quantification of Bone Strontium Using X-Ray Fluorescence, M.Sc. Thesis, Advisors: D. R. Chettle, A. Pejović-Milić, Department of Medical Physics, McMaster University (2008).